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APPLICATION FILED FEB. 20, 1909.

Patented Jan. 11, 1910.

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.APPLICATION FILED FEB. 20, 1909.

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T. M. WILSON.

KILN.

APPLIGATION FILED PEB. 2o. 190s.

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APPLICATION FILED PEB. 2o, 1909.

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Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1910.

Application filed February 20, 1909. Serial No. 479,244.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS M. VILsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inKilns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in kilns, the object of theinvention being to provide an improved arrangement of tlues below thekiln floor, which will compel the smoke and gases to move longitudinallyand laterally below the floor, and then all pass to a single stack atone side of the kiln.

A further object is to provide an improved arrangement of shortlongitudinal iiues beneath the kiln floor, each series of shortlongitudinal fines communicating with lateral flues, all of said lateraliues communicating with lateral flues below them to convey the smoke andgases to central longitudinal flues, and the latter communicating with alateral flue, at the outlet end of which a single stack is provided.

A further object is to provide an improved arrangement of longitudinaltlues below the kiln floor, said longitudinal tlues connected by lateraltiues with vertical passages in the kiln wall, lateral tlues connectingsaid vertical passages with longitudinal flues below the first mentionedlongitudinal iues, all of said last mentioned longitudinal tluescommunicating with a single stack flue, and provide dampers in all ofthe passages in the kiln walls, so as to regulate the passage of smokeand gases to regulate the heat of the different sections of the kiln,and insure a uniform heat throughout.

Vith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certainnovel features of construction, and combinations, and arrangement ofparts described without departing from my invention, and hence I do notrestrict myself to the precise details set forth, but consider myself atliberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within thespirit and scope of my invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l, is a view partly in elevation,partly in longitudinal section through the fire-boxes, and partlydismantled illustrating my improvements. Fig. 2, is a view in endelevation. Fig. 3, is a view in cross section through the center of thekiln. Fig. il, is a view in crossf section taken at a point through theend 1 lateral iiue. Fig. 5, is a view similar to Fig. 4, but taken at apoint between the lower lateral flues. Fig. 6, is a plan view taken inhorizontal section through the chords below the kiln floor. Fig. 7, is aview similar to F ig. 6, but taken through the lowest flue. Fig. 8, is afragmentary view in longitudinal section through the center of the kilnillustrating the arrangement of flues below the kiln floor. Fig. 9, isan inside face view of the kiln wall taken from a point between thebridge wall of the kiln, and Fig. l0, is a view similar to Fig. 9, buttaken at a point inside of the kiln and looking at the bridge wall.

l represents the side walls of my improved kiln, 2 the end walls, and 3the arch con necting the side walls constituting a roof for the kiln.The ends of the kiln are provided with entrances 4 to admit the workmenin charging and emptying the kiln, it being of course understood thatthese entrances are sealed during the burning operation.

5 represents the kiln floor which is composed of fire brick, havingspaces between them, constituting an open work structure, through whichthe smoke and gases can freely pass to the flues below. rThe Hoor brickare supported upon longitudinal chords 6 and 7 respectively, the chords6 being long, extending approximately through the length of the kiln andlocated at the center. Three of these long chords G are shown, the twooutside chords connected by a cross chord 8 at their center, and thecenter chord broken at the points 9, to allow for eXpansion andcontraction thereof. This central chord is longer than the two otherchords 6, so that the iues 10 provided between said chords communicatewith the fines 1l between the shorter chords, so the smoke and gaseswhich pass into these flues 9 may pass around the ends of the outsidechord 6, and into the flues l0, or directly into passages 14 in the endwalls, as will be hereinafter described. The inner shorter chords 7 atthe ends of the kiln, and adjacent to the chords 6, connect with the endwalls of the kiln, so as to compel the smoke and gases from the fines 9to pass backward toward the center of the kiln, as will be readilyunderstood, especially by reference to Fig. 6. The shorter chords 7 arearranged in units of three chords each, having a central cross chord 1'2connecting them with the side walls of the kiln, and as the ends of therespective units or series of short chords 7 are spaced apart or arearched over, so as to support the floor brick, they provide a series oflaterally extending flues 18 communicating with vertical passages 14 inthe walls of the furnace.

Below the above described fines, and eX- tending throughout thelongitudinal center of the kiln, parallel longitudinal flues 15 areprovided, both of which communicate with a cross flue 1G, the latterconnecting with a stack 17, a suitable damper 1S being provided in thisflue 1G, to be closed when the waste heat is being drawn from the kilnand permit this drawing off of the waste heat and its use in connectionwith any desired drier. Dampered flues 19 connect with the ends of thefines 15 as clearly shown in Fig. S, and all of the passages 1.4: areprovided with dampers 20, to control the passage of smoke and gases.

Sill of the vertical passages 11i in the side walls of the kiln areconnected by lateral fines 21 with the longitudinal tlues 15, the saidfines 21 being at a lower level than are the tlues 18, and the passages14 in the end walls of the kiln, connect the ends of flues 10 directlywith the longitudinal flues 15, so that all of the smoke and gases whichwill pass into the iues 10 may pass directly into the passages 1st inthe end walls of the kiln, thence through the longitudinal tlues 15 tolateral flue 1G, and up the stack, while the smoke and gases which passinto the flues 11 will move through the lateral tlues 13 to the passage11- in the side walls of the kiln, thence down into the lateral fines21, through the same to the longitudinal flues 15 and through said tlues15 to the lateral flue 16 and up the stack. By this arrangement oftlues, should any portion of the kiln not receive its proper quota ofheat, the. dampers 2O may be moved, so as to close certain of thepassages 111, which are receiving more than their proper portion of thesmoke and gase, and hence compel the smoke and gases to pass through theneglected portion of the kiln, and by this manipulation of the dainpers:20, a uniform distribution of the heat throughout the kiln is assured.

ln the side walls 1 of the kiln, at points between vertical passages 1l,furnaces are provided and comprise twin tire-boxes 9.3. These furnacesare constructed precisely as are the furnaces described and claimed inmy application for patent executed on even date herewith, and hence neednot here be described in detail, save to say, that the smoke and gases-from said furnaces pass upward over the longitudinal bridge walls 2-1into the kiln, thence down through the open work tloor 5 into the tiuesas above explained.

A great many slight changes might be made in the general form andarrangement of parts described without departing from my invention, andhence do not restrict myself to the precise details set forth, butconsider myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations asfairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what l claim new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. ln a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of twolongitudinal parallel iiues below the center of the kiln floor, severalseries of short longitudinal fiues at both sides of the center fines,short lateral lines communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal flues, vertical passages in the end and side walls of thekiln, the end passages communicating with the long longitudinal fluesand the side passages with the short lateral tiues, longitudinal iiucsbelow the first mentioned longitudinal fines and communicating with thepassages in the end walls, lateral tlues below the first mentionedlateral fines and connecting the passages in the side walls with thelower longitudinal flues, a stack, and a single tlue connecting thelower longitudinal tlues with said stack.

2. ln a kiln, the combination with a perforated tloor, of twolongitudinal parallel flues below the center of the kiln floor, severalseries of short longitudinal tlues at both sides of the center tlues,short lateral tiues communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal tlues, vertical passages in the end and side walls of thekiln, the end passages communicating with the long longitudinal fluesand the side passages with the short lateral fines, longitudinal fluesbelow the first mentioned longitudinal ues and coinnnu'iicating with thepassages in the end walls, lateral iiues below the iirst mentionedlateral fines and connecting the passages in the side walls with thelower longitudinal flue, a stack, and a single flue connecting the lowerlongitudinal flues with said stack, a damper in said last mentionedlateral tine, and dampers in all of said passages in the kiln walls.

3. ln a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of parallellongitudinal tiues at the center of the kiln below the floor, severalseries of short longitudinal fiues on both sides of the centerlongitudinal flues, lateral tiues connecting said short longitudinaltlues, lower longitudinal and lateral tiues parallel with the upperflues, vertical passages in the end and side walls of the kiln withwhich said central longitudinal and said lateral flues communicate,longitudinal flues below the iirst mentioned fiues and communicatingwith the passages in the end wall of the kiln, lateral flues connectingthe passages in the side walls of the kiln with said lastmentionedlongitudinal flues, and a stack flue communicating with said lastmentioned longitudinal flue.

a. In a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, ot' twolongitudinal parallel flues below the center of the kiln floor, severalseries of short longitudinal flues at both sides of the center flues,short lateral flues communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal flues, vertical passages in the end and side walls of thekiln, the end passages communicating with the long longitudinal fluesand the side passages with the short lateral fines, longitudinal fluesbelow and parallel with the first mentioned longitudinal flues andcommunicating with the passages in the end walls, lateral flues belowand parallel with the first mentioned lateral flues and Connecting thepassages in the side. walls with the lower longitudinal fines, a stack,and a single flue connecting the lower longitudinal flues with saidstack.

5. In a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of twolongitudinal parallel iiues below the center of the kiln fioor, severalseries of short longitudinal flues at both sides of the center flues,short lateral flues communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal flues, vertical passages in the end and side walls of thekiln, the end passages communicating with the long longitudinal fluesand the side passages with the short lateral flues, longitudinal fluesbelow and parallel with the first mentioned longitudinal flues andcommunicating with the passages in the end walls, lateral fiues belowand parallel with the first mentioned lateral fiues and connecting thepassages in the side walls with the lower longitudinal flues, a stack,and a single flue connecting the lower longitudinal flues with saidstack, a damper in said last mentioned lateral flue, and dampers in allof said passages in the kiln walls.

6. In a kiln, the combination with a pertoratedv floor, of twolongitudinal parallel flues below the center of the kiln Hoor, severalseries of short longitudinal fines at both sides of the center iues,short lateral flues communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal flues, said center longitudinal flues communicating attheir ends with the shorter longitudinal and the lateral flues, verticalpassages in the end and side walls of the kiln, the end passagescommunicating with the long longitudinal flues and the side passageswith the short lateral flues, longitudinal flues below the firstmentioned lateral liues and connecting the passages in the side wallswith the lower longitudinal flues, a stack, and a single flue connectingthe lower longitudinal ues with said stack.

7. In a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of twolongitudinal parallel flues below the center of the kiln floor, severalseries of short longitudinal flues at both sides of the center flues,sho-rt lateral flues communicating 'with the respective series ot' shortlongitudinal flues, said center longitudinal flues communicating attheir ends with the shorter longitudinal and the lateral flues, verticalpassages in the end and side walls of the kiln, the end passagescommunicating with the long longitudinal flues and the side passageswith the short lateral flues, longitudinal flues below the rst mentionedlongitudinal flues and communicating with the passages in the end walls,lateral flues below the first mentioned lateral Aflues and connectingthe passages in the side walls with the lower longitudinal flue, astack, and a single fiue connecting the lower longitudinal flues withsaid stack, a damper in said last mentioned lateral flue, and dampers inall of said passages in the kiln walls.

S. In a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of parallellongitudinal flues at the center of the kiln below the floor, severalseries of short longitudinal flues on both sides of the centerlongitudinal flues, lateral flues connecting said short longitudinalflues, lower longitudinal and lateral ues parallel with the Lipperflues, the upper center longitudinal fines communicating at their endswith the short longitudinal and upper lateral flues, vertical passagesin the end and side walls of the kiln with which said centrallongitudinal and said lateral flues communicate, longitudinal fluesbelow the first mentioned flues and communicating with the passages inthe end wall of the kiln, lateral flues connecting the passages in theside walls of the kiln with said last mentioned longitudinal flues, anda stack flue communicating with said last mentioned longitudinal flue.

9. In a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of twolongitudinal parallel flues below the center of the kiln floor, severalseries of short longitudinal lines at both sides of the center flues,short lateral flues communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal flues, said center longitudinal flues communicating attheir ends with the shorter longitudinal and the lateral flues, verticalpassages in the end and side walls of the kiln, the end passagescommunicating with the long longitudinal flues and the side passageswith the short lateral flues, longitudinal flues below and parallel withthe first mentioned longitudinal flues and communicating with thepassages in the end walls, lateral flues below and parallel with thefirst mentioned lateral iues and connecting the passages in the sidewalls with the lower longitudinal flues, a stack,

and a single Hue connecting the lower longitudinal fines with saidstack.

l0. In a kiln, the combination with a perforated floor, of twolongitudinal parallel lues below the center of the kiln Hoor7 severalseries of short longitudinal flues at both sides of the Center lines,short lateral fines communicating with the respective series of shortlongitudinal lues, said center longitudinal lues Communicating at theirends with the shorter longitudinal and the lateral lues, verticalpassages in the end and side walls ot' the kiln, the end passagescoinn'iunicating with the long longitudinal flues l and the sidepassages with the shortI lateral fines, longitudinalvliues below andparallel with the first mentioned longitudinal flues and communicatingwith the passages in the end walls, lateral fines below and parallelwith the lirst mentioned lateral lues and connecting the passages in theside walls with the lower longitudinal. flues, a stack, and a singleflue connecting the lower longitudinal lines with said stack, a damperin said last mentioned lateral flue, and dainpers in all of saidpassages in the kiln walls.

ln testimony whereof I have signed iny naine to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THMAS M. TWILSON.

lVitnesses:

R. H. KRENKEL, J. A. L. MULHALL.

